diff --git a/src/rep_core.sig b/src/rep_core.sig
index 5d07887..0b708be 100644
--- a/src/rep_core.sig
+++ b/src/rep_core.sig
@@ -40,15 +40,23 @@ type associationend = {name : string,
 		       aend_type : Rep_OclType.OclType,	
 		       multiplicity: (int * int) list,
 		       ordered: bool,
-		       visibility: Visibility
-				     }		
-	     
+		       visibility: Visibility,
+		       init: (string option * Rep_OclTerm.OclTerm) option
+		      }		
+
+type attribute = {
+     name : string,
+     attr_type : Rep_OclType.OclType,
+     visibility : Visibility,
+     scope: Scope,
+     init : (string option * Rep_OclTerm.OclTerm) option
+}
 
 datatype Classifier =  
 	 Class of 
 	 { name        : Rep_OclType.Path, 
 	   parent      : Rep_OclType.Path option,
-	   attributes  : (string * Rep_OclType.OclType * Visibility * Scope) list,
+	   attributes  : attribute list,
 	   operations  : operation list,
 	   associationends : associationend list,
 	   invariant   : (string option * Rep_OclTerm.OclTerm) list,
@@ -100,7 +108,7 @@ val short_parent_name_of : Classifier -> string
 
 val thy_name_of       : Classifier -> string
 val update_thyname    : string -> Classifier -> Classifier
-val attributes_of     : Classifier -> (string * Rep_OclType.OclType * Visibility * Scope) list
+val attributes_of     : Classifier -> attribute list
 val operations_of     : Classifier -> operation list
 val invariant_of      : Classifier -> (string option * Rep_OclTerm.OclTerm) list
 val string_of_path    : string list -> string    
diff --git a/src/rep_core.sml b/src/rep_core.sml
index 572ce30..2e3abb7 100644
--- a/src/rep_core.sml
+++ b/src/rep_core.sml
@@ -38,17 +38,31 @@ type operation = { name          : string,
 		   visibility    : Visibility,
                    scope         : Scope }     
 
-type associationend = {name : string,
-		       aend_type: Rep_OclType.OclType,
-		       multiplicity: (int*int) list,
-		       visibility: Visibility,
-		       ordered: bool }
+type associationend = {
+     name : string,
+     aend_type: Rep_OclType.OclType,
+     multiplicity: (int*int) list,
+     visibility: Visibility,
+     ordered: bool,
+     init : (string option * Rep_OclTerm.OclTerm) option
+}
+
+type attribute = {
+     name : string,
+     attr_type : Rep_OclType.OclType,
+     visibility : Visibility,
+     scope: Scope,
+     init : (string option * Rep_OclTerm.OclTerm) option
+}
+
+
+
 
 datatype Classifier =  
 	 Class of 
 	 { name        : Rep_OclType.Path, 
 	   parent      : Rep_OclType.Path option,
-	   attributes  : (string * Rep_OclType.OclType * Visibility * Scope) list,
+	   attributes  : attribute list,
 	   operations  : operation list,
 	   associationends : associationend list,
 	   invariant   : (string option * Rep_OclTerm.OclTerm) list,
@@ -87,7 +101,7 @@ datatype Classifier =
 	  }
  
 (* convert an association end into the corresponding collection type *)
-fun assoc_to_attr_type {name,aend_type,multiplicity,ordered,visibility} =
+fun assoc_to_attr_type {name,aend_type,multiplicity,ordered,visibility,init} =
     case multiplicity of 
 	[(0,1)] => aend_type
       | [(1,1)] => aend_type
@@ -96,10 +110,11 @@ fun assoc_to_attr_type {name,aend_type,multiplicity,ordered,visibility} =
     
 (* convert an association end into an attribute of the *)
 (* corresponding collection type                       *)
-fun assoc_to_attr (assoc:associationend) = (#name assoc,
-					    assoc_to_attr_type assoc,
-					    #visibility assoc,
-					    XMI.InstanceScope)
+fun assoc_to_attr (assoc:associationend) = {name = #name assoc,
+					    attr_type = assoc_to_attr_type assoc,
+					    visibility = #visibility assoc,
+					    scope = XMI.InstanceScope,
+					    init = #init assoc}
 
 (* convert a multiplicity range into an invariant of the form *)
 (* size > lowerBound and size < upperBound )                 *)
@@ -144,7 +159,8 @@ fun range_to_inv cls_name aend (a,b) =
 fun assoc_to_inv cls_name (aend:associationend) =
     let val inv_name = "multiplicity_constraint_for_association_end_"^(#name aend)
 	val range_constraints = case (#multiplicity aend) of
-				    [(0,1)] => let
+				    [(0,1)] => []
+				  | [(1,1)] => let
 					val attr_name = cls_name@[#name aend]
 					val attr_type = assoc_to_attr_type aend
 					val cls       = Rep_OclType.Classifier cls_name
@@ -155,7 +171,6 @@ fun assoc_to_inv cls_name (aend:associationend) =
 								    ["oclIsDefined"],[],
 								    Rep_OclType.Boolean)]
 				    end
-				  | [(1,1)] => [] (* FIXME: should be aend->OclIsDefined() *)
 				  | _ =>  map (range_to_inv cls_name aend) 
 					      (#multiplicity aend)
 	fun ocl_or (x,y) = 
diff --git a/src/xmi2rep.sml b/src/xmi2rep.sml
index 13f8b70..2fc1c71 100644
--- a/src/xmi2rep.sml
+++ b/src/xmi2rep.sml
@@ -135,14 +135,15 @@ fun transform_attribute t ({xmiid,name,type_id,changeability,visibility,ordering
 			    multiplicity,taggedValue,ownerScope,targetScope}) =
     let val cls_type = find_classifier_type t type_id 
     in
-	(name,
-	 if multiplicity = [(1,1)] 
-	 then cls_type
-	 else if ordering = XMI.Ordered then Rep_OclType.Sequence cls_type
-	 else Rep_OclType.Set cls_type,
-	 visibility,
-	 ownerScope
-	 )
+	{name= name,
+	 attr_type = if multiplicity = [(1,1)] 
+		     then cls_type
+		     else if ordering = XMI.Ordered then Rep_OclType.Sequence cls_type
+		     else Rep_OclType.Set cls_type,
+	 visibility = visibility,
+	 scope = ownerScope,
+	 init = NONE (* FIX *)
+	}
     end
 
 fun transform_aend t ({xmiid,name,ordering,multiplicity,participant_id,
@@ -151,7 +152,9 @@ fun transform_aend t ({xmiid,name,ordering,multiplicity,participant_id,
      aend_type    = find_classifier_type t participant_id,
      multiplicity = multiplicity,
      ordered      = if ordering = XMI.Ordered then true else false,
-     visibility   = visibility }
+     visibility   = visibility,
+     init         = NONE (* FIX *)
+    }
 
 val filter_named_aends  = List.filter (fn {name=SOME _,...}:XMI.AssociationEnd => true
 					| _ => false)